10 results
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Opiates, Antihypertensives ... Aluminum, Calcium, Potassium ... Equina Injury Metabolic ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
see above), no metabolic ... Low pill burden. ... Magnesium based ... - Anti-constipating ... Low pill burden
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... lines/devices, Constipation ... • Magnesium correction
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... • Magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Metabolic alkalosis ... Magnesium deficiency ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Causes of Constipation in Adults
Most common
 - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake
 - Poor bowel habits
Systemic
Causes of Constipation ... diabetes mellitus - Metabolic ... porphyria - Neurologic ... Idiopathic megarectum Slow ... #Causes #Differential