18 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypokalemia - Osmotic ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... alkalosis, Ketonuria, Osmotic ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Cerebral salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
type 4) - Salt wasting ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia
There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
A lazy man's classification ... osmolality and urinary sodium ... cerebral salt wasting ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... and Screening Testing ... Common causes: ... Oral sodium loading ... Screening #Workup #table
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
moving back to resting ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... : CLASS 1 - Sodium ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology