160 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN ... Cushing Syndrome • HTN ... Aldosterone: Malignant HTN ... , Renovascular HTN ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
When to Evaluate for Secondary Causes of Hypertension
1. Severe or resistant HTN
2. Acute rise/lability in BP
3.
for Secondary Causes ... Severe or resistant HTN ... Malignant HTN with ... #Hypertension #causes ... indications #diagnosis #HTN
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance vs Systemic Vascular Resistance

#Pulmonary #Vascular #Resistance #Systemic #Comparison #pulmonaryhypertension #PHTN #pathophysiology #anesthesiology #anesthesia
pulmonaryhypertension #PHTN ... anesthesiology #anesthesia #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
mmHg - portal HTN ... significant portal HTN ... Signs of portal HTN ... non-cirrhotic portal HTN ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes
Non-lschemic Causes of Cardiogenic Shock:

Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Digoxin 

Myocarditis 

Cardiomyopathies (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, Takatsubo, 
hemochromatosis) 

Valvular
Non-lschemic Causes ... Tamponade, pulmonary HTN ... , systemic HTN, ... #Nonlschemic #Causes
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... Hyperaldosternism (low renin HTN ... Other Endocrine causes ... Other low renin HTN ... causes: Cushing's
Oral Antihypertensive Medications - Selection by Comorbidities
Comorbidities: 
 • Stable Angina, HFpEF, HFrEF, AFib, TAA/Marfan, Aortic
Tremor • Supine HTN ... Impairment, Portal HTN ... #Hypertension #HTN
Giant A waves caused by pulmonary HTN. There are two clearly discernible descents (X and Y)
Giant A waves caused ... by pulmonary HTN ... AWaves #Giant #PHTN
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Diffusion: ILD, pHTN ... Pressure Vent, pHTN ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Consider secondary HTN ... withdrawal Anatomic Causes ... RAS Metabolic Causes ... #Hypertension #HTN