23 results
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Findings Grading Ligament ... Sprains l: Minimal ligament ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... K-ATPase which imports ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Decr Visual pigment ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Psoriatic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings

In tendons and connective tissues:
 • Enthesitis  - Pain/tenderness over
tenderness over ligament ... , ridging, oil spots ... PsoriaticArthritis #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Cotton wool spots ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... joint capsule ligaments ... healthy, flexible ligaments ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... thrombosis of short ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
floor muscle and ligament ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology ... Symptoms #Urology #Diagnosis