6 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Stone • Stricture ... Cystitis • Bladder stones ... Postpartum • Drugs ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
exacerbation) - Drugs ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Tea and toast” diet ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones
 • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids
 • Precipitation of
Associated with Renal ... Precipitation of drug ... /metabolite in urine ... #Stones #pharmacology ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... #treatment #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low K diet ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology