9 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... Cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... liver failure • nephrotic ... syndrome • renal ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #nephrology #causes
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
of progressive kidney ... syndrome ... Albuminuria #Grades #classification ... #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... disease, and nephrotic ... syndromeHyponatremia ... disease, and nephrotic ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... caused by the inability ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... renal bruit or signs
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
• Boerhaave syndrome ... malnutrition -> Kidney ... hypochloremia, hypernatremia ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms