61 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... DM (visit 2), Diagnosis ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
- PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... fT4 • Cushing syndrome ... resistant #Evaluation #workup ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
- Workup and Differential ... Diagnosis Approach ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... #Workup #causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
- Differential Diagnosis ... with short bowel syndrome ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... taken at home, work ... and bilateral renal ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephritic syndrome—due ... Hypertension. t ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Familial renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup