13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal ... and distal RTA, ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
Renal tubular acidosis ... end result: a metabolic ... a normal anion ... #Diagnosis #IM ... Features #Table #Comparison
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis - Differential ... Normal Anion Gap ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... Cell Problem - Low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... development of metabolic ... Saline Causes AKI ... blood flow and ... #Saline #NS #comparison
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Differential Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... pH Normal 1 ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... acidosis: Proximal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... • Labs: - Metabolic ... - AKI - Liver ... - Core temp normal
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA), Bartter ... Syndrome type 1-4, Lowe ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis