22 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... : • Inability ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

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Kussmaul's Sign ... What’s the diagnosis ... time there is inability ... physicalexam #clinical #video ... #jvp #cardiology
Charcot Joint - Neuropathic Arthropathy: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings
 • Impaired joint protection -> abnormal joint
Incr ROM, joint instability ... narrowing • Inability ... movement of limb -> Inability ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... anaerobic metabolism Diagnosis ... also includes symptoms ... - hemodynamic instability ... #Management
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
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and Management ... cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... damage - CXR should
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
instability from ... Differential diagnosis ... GAGL): "Reverse J sign ... mri #clinical #Radiology ... #diagnosis #msk
Myotonic Dystrophy
Typically presents in middle age with weakness of hands, legs and neck.
 - Mental deficiency
Sternocleidomastoid, Shoulder ... Myotonia occurs - inability ... Dystrophy #Myotonia #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... Exhaustion: • Inability ... Irritability, Emotional instability
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
40% of patients diagnosed ... Signs of immunodeficiency ... cell function -> Inability ... /Symptoms/Findings ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology