73 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Chronic diarrhoea, Short ... Total parenteral nutrition ... /jejunal nutrition ... #riskfactors #symptoms ... #nutrition
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
decr activity, nutrition ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
micro-damage exceeds ability ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Diagnostic Algorithm Pathophysiology ... range of potential pathophysiologic ... - Pathophysiology ... Ill-appearing, vital sign instability ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... overload) Other Symptoms ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
MCP and PIP Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome, Epi/Scleritis, Heart Disease, Rheumatoid
PIP Involvement, Spares ... : Atlantoaxial Instability ... rheumatology #signs #symptoms
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency
 • Decreased dietary intake - uncommon in this era
 • Increased requirements
Alcoholics have an inability ... mobilize folate stores ... depleted tissue stores ... deficiency #FolicAcid #differential ... diagnosis #hematology #nutrition
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
paresthetica • Symptoms ... 3-6 months of symptom ... mass Sensory Symptoms ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK #pathophysiology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... K-ATPase which imports ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology