15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... intake • Metabolic ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #low
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... (UOsm < 100): Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... Medium and large ... Positive pathergy test ... is a skin prick test ... #signs #symptoms
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology