8 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine Na+K ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... Inhibitors of Na+K+ ... Kidney stones caused ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, K-sparing diuretics ... - Renal Failure ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
lost via osmotic diuresis ... patient has good renal ... produces them when low ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
, including a diuretic ... with previously stable ... hypertension and signs ... bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Anabolic state ... Renal 1. ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes