22 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... for renal biopsy ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine • 1ml blood ... Hematuria: • Stone ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #causes #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Mechanism Decr Blood ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Eric Strong https ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
- Inability to differentiate ... patient is still able ... to copy Causes ... : Stroke (main cause ... Gerstmann #Syndrome #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat iniury, Heat stroke ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
artery Backup of blood ... retroperitoneal masses ... Obstruction of blood ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology