9 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... underexcretion of acids ... in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Steps for Blood Gas ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... decarboxylation/gas ... transport, renal ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
, Pyroglutamic acid ... Renal acidosis ... Acid loads (ammonium ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Kidney stones caused ... • Hypovolemic shock ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Infection/Sepsis/Shock ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Reversible course Differential ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... typical HF sx: dyspnea ... Pts: cardiogenic shock
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
Renal Replacement ... Fluid Overload (pulmonary ... Higher flow rates enable ... Dialyzer is rigid case ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
- Differential ... Axial/Bilateral, Startle ... hepatic, septic, pulmonary ... ), acid-base, opioids ... #neurology