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diagnosis differential management infections hiv infectiousdiseases syndrome associated dementia disorder dizziness dizzy encephalitis encephalopathy fungal hand hyperkalemia immune inflammatory iris
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... altered mental status ... Demyelinating disease caused ... differential #diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy: • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
4 weeks after starting ... tuberculoma (later stage ... • Caused by immune ... or abruptly • CN ... differential #TB #neurology
Dizziness and Vertigo Algorithm Presyncope: • Feels "faint" or like they are going to "pass out" •
Dizziness and Vertigo Algorithm ... Associated with nausea ... Dysequilibrium: • Feels unable ... balanced when standing ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... in the early stages ... • Depressive symptoms ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... Altered mental status ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
peaks between the ages ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS What Is IRIS? • A state of hyperinflammatory response that
• A state of hyperinflammatory ... treatment of HIV/AIDS ... HIV-infected patients starting ... be present: • AIDS ... pleural effusions, CNS
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Optimize volume status ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Mycoses HISTOPLASMOSIS • Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body • Bird
iron overload states ... Direct fungal stain ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology
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