21 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... associated with end-stage ... sometimes advanced treatment ... #HeartFailure #Staging
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... Stages #ACCAHA #Algorithm
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Post-operative state ... decompensation (CHF ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... #MSK #pathophysiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
four-component staging ... With treatment, ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... Classification #Stages #Classes
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... 4 weeks after starting ... tuberculoma (later stage ... • Caused by immune ... due to increased CSF
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : 33% • Treatment ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... : No • Treatment
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... anterior/posterior MSK ... : (distinct symptoms ... ) • Löfgren syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Drugs (Statins), ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause