12 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Hyperreflexia: • Delayed ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #Causes #differential
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inertia Outlet Delay ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Cerebral salt wasting
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Insufficiency Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... , hypoglycemia Testing
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Decreased Intake: - Fasting ... hypomagnesemia), Eating ... mineralocorticoid excess and related ... #Causes #differential
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Amenorrhea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Functional (e.g. eating ... Constitutional delay ... #Causes #OBGyn
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... confirmed via genetic testing ... continued in most cases ... dependent upon local laboratory ... #diagnosis #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential
Delayed Fracture Healing - Non-Union - Malunion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammation (Hours-Days) -> Soft Callus (Days-Weeks)
Non-Union - Malunion - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Misalignment before casting ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Orthopedics #Causes