10 results
Causes of Orthopnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Fear and Anxiety
 • Pleural Effusion
 • Ascites
• Ascites • COPD ... • Hypothyroidism ... /Hyperthyroidism ... SIeep apnea • Hypothyroidism ... - CNS lesion: ALS
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperthyroidism ... Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism ... Insomnia Primary Hyperthyroidism ... Size Thyroid Storm ... Hyperglycemia - ↑ AST/ALT
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... Disease - Especially COPD ... Hematopoiesis Hyperthyroidism ... HeartFailure #CHF #Pathophysiology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
ALP enzyme- Discovered ... in 1923 Low ALP ... nephrocalcinosis • CPPD ... Wilson's disease • hypothyroidism ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
CPPD vs Gout ... == CPPD == Think ... About CPPD When ... disease states Pathophysiology ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypothyroidism
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology ... reduction in ATP ... phosphorus is seen in COPD ... patients with COPD ... respiratory #hypoxia #pathophysiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... heart failure: - Hyperthyroidism ... • Mitchell et al ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
Deposition Disease (CPPD ... ) Pathophysiology ... calcium to form CPP ... Asymptomatic CPPD ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypothyroidism
Causes of Unintentional Weight Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Malignancy 
 - Tumor effect* (esp. Gl, lung, lymphoma)
Uncontrolled diabetes, Hyperthyroidism ... cardiac cachexia"), COPD ... SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-I
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
• In all patients ... Pathophysiology ... • Cytokine storm