14 results
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Disease - Especially COPD ... Hematopoiesis Hyperthyroidism ... #HeartFailure #CHF ... #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperthyroidism ... Diagnosis: • ↓ Low ... Size Thyroid Storm ... psychosis - CHF ... #causes #diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... • Asthma • COPD ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Deconditioning • Hyperthyroidism ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
• Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • CHF ... PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... Hematologic Causes ... Tachypnea: • Hyperthyroidism
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... nephrocalcinosis • CPPD ... Wilson's disease • hypothyroidism ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... Lactation - Hyperthyroidism ... rice, Cereals • Low ... triggers Right HF ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Low O2 saturation that does not respond to supplemental O2
- Key diagnostic feature (sat < 85%
Low O2 saturation ... pulse oximeter causes ... a falsely low O2 ... CHF, pneumonia, ... COPD, anemia) #
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... Physiology: CO2: • Low ... = dilated BV = raises ... Target CPP 60. ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... decompensation (CHF ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology ... weakness (defined as low ... inspiratory pressure or low ... Phosphate is a cause ... respiratory #hypoxia #pathophysiology