23 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... : • Vascular: Stroke ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... / Provoked Seizures ... - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... #Neurology #Differential
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Stroke Etiologies ... Endocarditis, Acute MI ... - Strong Medicine ... #causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... Stress, Nausea, ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Hypothyroidism, Stress ... #Differential # ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... Then, ask 3 questions ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #Differential # ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... STRUCTURAL: • Stroke ... Imbalances: • Hyponatremia ... cardiovascular causes ... #Neurology #Geriatrics
Pseudobulbar Affect
Characteristics (These episodes usually cause distress and impairment in occupational or social functioning):
 - Extreme
episodes usually cause ... distress and impairment ... Disease, Bilateral Strokes ... Pseudobulbar #Affect #neurology ... #differential #
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... environmental heat stress ... consciousness, Coma/seizure ... #diagnosis #causes
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... , Stroke, Paraneoplastic ... the underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #neurology