11 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
four-component staging ... based solely on symptoms ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... #Management #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Stages
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... Acute respiratory distress ... activity, especially status ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
to be in ADHF starts ... Imaging and more ... the determined cause ... algorithm #management #cardiology ... table #foamed #heartfailure
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
malignant, pediatric cases ... life • M=F Symptoms ... >40C), mental status ... is similar to stress-induced ... Starting beta blockers
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
to years after starting ... acute respiratory distress ... gradually with symptoms ... macrophages in alveolar spaces ... Improvement in symptoms