9 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Wall Elasticity (flail ... Edema, Atelectasis ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Failure - Differential ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... edema (most common ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Failure #hypoxia #Differential
High-Res Chest CT Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reticular:
 • Septal Thickening: Lymphangitic Carcinoma, Interstitial Edema, Alveolar
CT Patterns - Differential ... , Alveolar Proteinosis ... Low Attenuation Nodular ... Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Respiratory ... Crazy Paving: Alveolar
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
: Diffuse alveolar ... Hemoptysis, Peripheral edema ... symptomatology Differential ... , biopsy By Tess ... #differential #
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... Etiology: • Acute respiratory ... distress syndrome ... pulmonary edema ... #edema #NCPE #differential
Facial Swelling - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Facial Edema

Infectious:
	• Dental abscess
	• Ludwig's angina
	• Vincent's angina
	• Cellulitis
	•
Facial Swelling - Differential ... Framework for Facial Edema ... Trauma: • Ocular ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... Edema: - Widespread ... severity Acute Respiratory ... Distress Syndrome ... #differential #
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Differential Diagnosis ... edema, Aspiration ... receptors: Hemothorax, Flail ... Cardiac failure, Pulmonary ... distress syndrome
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
toxicity (e.g., acute respiratory ... distress syndrome ... macrophages in alveolar ... • Reticular + Nodular ... pneumonia - Pulmonary