16 results
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
Renal tubular acidosis ... end result: a metabolic ... few different types ... Features #Table #Comparison
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (RTA): Type ... low/normal Type ... low/normal Type ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... FE-HCO3 • RTA Type ... Low TTKG • RTA Type ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
cells - Normal • Renal ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... of renal disease ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... development of metabolic ... Hyperchloremia nonanion gap metabolic ... Normal #Saline #NS #comparison ... #pharmacology #
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus Type ... basal insulin in Type ... insulin dose for renal ... #Medications #pharmacology ... #comparison #table
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
see above), no metabolic ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Binders #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
infusions) - Metabolic ... deficiency • Renal ... Failure • SLE • Type ... IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretics after renal ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... generally indicates a renal ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology