15 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Insulin deficit: - Type ... produced - Type ... demand: infections, food ... #comparison #endocrinology
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
Tolerance • Type ... I Diabetes • ... Type 2 Diabetes ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... Trauma, Surgery,
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... diseases, Trauma, Surgery ... Metabolic causes (e.g ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types
Types of Urinary Diversion Procedures
Ileal Conduit:
 • Technically simpler, fewer complications, and well understood. No bladder
Types of Urinary ... E.g.: Indiana Pouch ... Technically difficult surgery ... Diversion #Procedures #Types ... #Comparison #Management
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology ... somatic syndromes (e.g ... , more common: Food ... Abdominal or pelvic surgery ... Bowel #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... Risk Stratify Type ... What is the type ... Diabetes regimen
Needles and Suture Types - Common Surgical Instruments
Needles come in many shapes and cutting edges for
larger suture diameter ... (e.g., 3 is larger ... (e.g., 4-0, or ... sutures #needles #surgery ... #comparison
Common Ulcers of the Ankles and Feet

Chronic Venous Insuffciency 
This condition usually appears over the medial
cyanosis of the foot ... areas of trauma (e.g ... sensation; seen in diabetic ... #Ankles #Feet #Foot ... Clinical #Podiatry #Comparison
Stapler Types - Common Surgical Instruments
Used for reanastomosis of viscera, vessel ligation, and excision of specimens.
Stapler Types - ... hollow viscera, e.g ... #Staplers #surgery ... #instruments #types ... #comparison
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
are listed as Type ... by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... regional ischemia, surgery ... B1: - Diabetes