10 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Burns • Trauma ... /Crush injury ... • Recent IV potassium ... Rhabdomyolysis, burns, trauma ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Burns • Trauma ... /Crush injury ... • Recent IV potassium ... Rhabdomyolysis, burns, trauma ... #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Management Summary Trauma ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... extracellular fluid into injured ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hypocalcemia/Late - Hypercalcemia ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Medullaris Syndrome -> Trauma ... tumour causing injury ... Acute #SpinalCord #Injury ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Post-neurosurgery, Trauma ... diseases, Hypoxic injury ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... #Hyperkalemia ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... sweat Heat Injury ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... damage (AKI, Liver injury ... Hypocalcemia - Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Succinylcholine; thermal trauma ... neuromuscular injury ... oliguric kidney injury ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... Supplement: • Potassium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology ... #Hypokalemia