22 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... - Calcineurin inhibitors ... Other causes ... Renin - Primary adrenal ... Low Renin - Diabetes
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ... aldosterone mechanism: Adrenal ... #medications #causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Proton-pump inhibitors ... - Calcineurin inhibitors ... - Hypokalemia ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Classification #Causes
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... nervous system symptoms ... - Diabetes insipidus ... #Signs #Symptoms
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... drugs • ACE inhibitors ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
adrenoleukodystrophy, check point inhibitors ... ketoconazole, etomidate) Symptoms ... Hyperkalemia is ... diseases, check point inhibitors ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... Calcineurin inhibitors
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... deficiency • Renal ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... mellitus, SGLT2 inhibitors ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Nephrogenic DI (Renal ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia