16 results
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... Malabsorption - Small intestinal ... VitaminB12 #deficiency #low
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Management
Global IBS Symptoms:
  - Limited trial low FODMAP diet
Limited trial low ... Rifaximin- up to 3 courses ... apical membranes of intestinal ... epithelial cells intestinal
The Effect of Zinc on the Enteral Absorption of Copper. Panel A shows how copper (Cu)
Panel A shows how ... enterocytes from the intestinal ... Panel B shows how ... zinc (Zn) causes ... of apoptosis of intestinal
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary intestinal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes
Black and Bloody Stools - Melena and Hematochezia
Melena - Refers to passage of black, tarry (sticky
when transit is slow ... result from other causes ... hemorrhage may also cause ... transit through the intestinal ... #Differential #Causes
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... disorders of small intestine ... bariatric, gastric, intestinal ... leukopenia and/or low ... pit, low retic
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnosis:
 • Use a positive diagnostic strategy with
Limited trial low ... Rifaximin- up to 3 courses ... apical membranes of intestinal ... epithelial cells intestinal
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... osteomalacia • Intestinal ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... are the leading cause
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low ... collecting duct plaque, Low ... in kidney and intestine ... , Low urinary citrate ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... burns, sepsis, Intestinal ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... nephrology #magnesium #low