9 results
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
Causes of blood culture ... nutritionally variant Strep ... identified with modern culture ... diagnosis #causes #culture ... #negative #Endocarditis
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... infarction, Tendineae rupture ... Papillary muscle rupture ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Group A Strep Pharyngitis, also known as  Strep Throat. 

In addition to symptomatic presentation, a
rapid antigen detection ... If positive, no culture ... throat swab is negative ... have a follow-up culture ... #StrepThroat #Management
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... nutritionally variant Strep ... identified with modern culture ... - Standard culture ... #diagnosis #differential
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... peritonitis, and endocarditis ... sinus • Sputum culture ... Streptocccus #Pneumoniae #strep ... microbiology #diagnosis #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
90% of IE cases Culture ... • Coagulase-negative ... staphylococci Culture ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... 90% of IE cases Culture ... staphylococci Culture ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... heart disease • Myocardial ... recommend against future ... • During a future ... #cardiology #treatment
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... MV chordae may rupture ... laterally from myocardial ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology