9 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... infarction, Tendineae rupture ... Papillary muscle rupture ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
Causes of blood culture ... identified with modern culture ... diagnosis #causes #culture ... #InfectiousDiseases ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
90% of IE cases Culture ... staphylococci Culture ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Capnocytophaga
Pathogen: Capnocytophaga
 • 9 species, C. canimorsus responsible for the majority of infections
 • Gram-negative rod,
13%), Pneumonia, Endocarditis ... microorganism (Culture ... microbiology #zoonotic #infectiousdiseases ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
90% of IE cases Culture ... staphylococci Culture ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Diagnosis #cardiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
Diagnosis and Management ... : cell count + differential ... albumin, protein, culture ... 250 cells • Secondary ... appropriate patient selection
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... MV chordae may rupture ... mitral valve - Secondary ... laterally from myocardial ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... heart disease • Myocardial ... recommend against future ... • During a future ... #cardiology #treatment
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
• Confirmed by culture ... Diagnosis: • Culture ... arthritis, and endocarditis ... ) #Mycoses #InfectiousDiseases ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management