373 results
Steroid Synthesis Pathway

Dr. Caoimhe Costigan @CaoimheCostigan

#Steroid #Synthesis #pathophysiology #algorithm #endocrinology
Steroid Synthesis ... CaoimheCostigan #Steroid #Synthesis ... pathophysiology #algorithm #endocrinology
Steroid Synthesis Pathway

(OH, hydroxy; HSD, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; pink, common enzymes affecting CAH, purple –
Steroid Synthesis ... CaoimheCostigan #Steroid #Synthesis ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Insulin and Glucagon Pathophysiology
Insulin: 
 • Glucose utilization (Glycolysis)
 • Glucose storage (Glycogenesis)
 • Fat synthesis
Glycogenesis) • Fat synthesis ... Lipogenesis) • Protein synthesis ... Actions: • Glucose synthesis ... Pathophysiology #endocrinology
Vitamin D Metabolism
Fat-soluble vitamin
Sources: dermal synthesis and food (dairy products, fish)
Active form: calcitriol (1,25-OH Vitamin D)
Main
Sources: dermal synthesis ... VitaminD #Metabolism #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
expression/protein synthesis ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
circulation via synthesis ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Amiodarone Thyroid Complications
Amiodarone: 
 - iodine-rich, similar structure to T4, with half life up to 100d
thyroid hormone synthesis ... Complications #endocrinology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
- Decreased synthesis ... Diagnosis #Causes #endocrinology
Antibiotic Classification by Mechanism of Action

Cell Wall Synthesis: 
Penicillins 
Cephalosporins 
Carbapenems 
Monobactams 
Beta-lactamase inhibitors
Glycopeptides 

 Protein
Action Cell Wall Synthesis ... Glycopeptides Protein Synthesis ... Folic Acid Synthesis ... Metronidazole mRNA Synthesis
Antibiotics - Mechanisms and Sites of Action 

Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis or Function 
- Beta Lactams,
Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis ... Inhibit Protein Synthesis ... Inhibit Protein Synthesis ... Inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis ... Inhibits Folate Synthesis