7 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Acidosis Causes ... Renal acidosis ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing ... #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... development of metabolic ... signal to reduce GFR ... - Decreased GFR ... • Saline May Cause
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... other • Severe potassium ... markedly reduced GFR ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
esp w oliguria / GFR ... Labs: BMP (Assess GFR ... status to improve GFR ... sufficient if intact GFR ... #nephrology #K
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
- Appropriate renal ... excretion (GFR, ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis • Hyperosmolarity ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology