10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Ring fracture, Thrombus ... Myocardial infarction, Dilated ... annulus valve: Dilated ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
calcification - Age-related ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... cardiology
Constrictive Pericarditis on Echocardiogram
A 55-year-old female marathon runner presents to clinic w/ 6-months of worsening breathlessness
A 55-year-old ... pericarditis: (A) a dilated ... , (B) a septal mitral ... expiration not meeting diagnostic ... pocus #clinical #cardiology
Graphic representation of transthoracic echocardiographic parameters in the assessment of right ventricular pressure overload. A′ = peak late
Dilated RV with ... arrows) parasternal short ... cmls) #TTE #Echocardiogram ... Transthoracic #Diagnosis ... RightVentricular #Cardiology
Mechanical Complications in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute LV/RV Dysfunction:
 • Regional wall motion, systolic and diastolic function,
Doppler to localize tear ... • Typically ↑ mitral ... • Stasis and thrombus ... #differential # ... diagnosis #timeline
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... ., familial or dilated ... LVEDd > 6.0 cm, LV thrombus ... with Cardio-OB team ... #management #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope ... TEE to exclude thrombus ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... nodes • Roth’s spots ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Diagnosis: • Rheumatic ... #management #cardiology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
to be in ADHF starts ... ECG is vital while ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management ... #cardiology #treatment
Gastroenterology Endoscopy Tools and Accessories - A Visual Catalog for Trainees and Young Gastroenterologists
Biopsy Forceps:
perforation or tears ... mucosa Stricture Management ... SAVARY GILLIARD DILATOR ... BILIARY BALLOON DILATOR ... partially blocked • METAL