21 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
inflammatory cells) Clinical ... dysrhythmias • Ophthalmologic ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #Pulmonary
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... partial retinal red reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... symptoms of active pulmonary ... numbness, decreased reflexes
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
alternating light test ... It is a clear sign ... the pupillary reflex ... very sensitive diagnostic ... Defect #Neurology #Clinical
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Further Workup

 • CNS symptoms? Get an LP and imaging
Refer to your ‘Fever ... Test for the respective ... thin smear • Signs ... node biopsy • Clinical ... UnknownOrigin #workup #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sensory • Before diagnosis ... gait, strength, reflexes ... Straight Leg Raise Test ... #signs #symptoms
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
causes such as reflex ... further guide management ... orthostatic vital sign ... Further diagnostics ... should be guided by clinical
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... - pupillary reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #management