31 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... - Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Algorithm for the diagnosis of chronic diarrhea.
It is usually impractical to test and treat the many
many possible causes ... of chronic diarrhea ... First, physicians should ... the much smaller differential ... #Diarrhea #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... #Causes #workup
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia, ... ACTH) stimulation test
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Differential # ... #causes #potassium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... : • Hypovolemia ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... #Differential # ... #Causes #Workup
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... endocrinology #causes