12 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Hyponatremia The ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment: Treatment ... demyelination syndrome ... #management #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... effective arterial blood ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... losses: • High Blood ... #nephrology #low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... UA positive for blood ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
(Goodpasture's syndrome ... diagnosis #kidney #blood ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... 100 mOsm/kg = Urine ... concentrated for hypotonic ... capillary leak syndrome ... Cancer #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... Redistribution Treatments ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic ... #potassium #nephrology