14 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... on Brain Imaging ... #imaging #patterns ... #MRI #Neurology ... pathology #diseases #radiology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Structural: Tumor ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... #neurology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... : Seizure w/ post-ictal ... Tumor, Traumatic ... Stroke #Mimics #CVA ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
brain w/o contrast ... Evaluate underlying cause ... Ruled out other causes ... stroke #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Imaging Patterns ... and Metabolic Brain ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... • Traumatic Brain ... Encephalitis • Brain ... cardiovascular causes ... #Neurology #Geriatrics
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... may precede the neurologic ... Imaging Patterns ... /CTA • Anterior ... #management #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Movement disorders, Seizure ... autoantibodies that will cause ... thrombosis and/or blood-brain ... prevention (statin for CVA ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... tumor • Lesions ... changes - Common pattern ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology