8 results
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Smoking, Microbial triggers ... relative with PBC ... T-cell mediated BEC injury ... #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Shock liver • Metabolic ... stone, Malignancy, PBC ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Tests (LFTs) - Differential ... • NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... : • Genetic/Metabolic ... Drug-induced liver injury ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis ... bile ducts Differential ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver Injury ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... NASH, Genetic / Metabolic ... #hepatology #LFTs ... transaminitis #differential
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
the study) • Triggers ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... if high risk if WBC ... initiation • Differential ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
ALF): • Liver injury ... hepatocellular injury ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential ... #Hepatology #transaminitis
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Neutrophil (Normal) Differential ... ingestions • Metabolic ... #Bandemia #differential ... #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology