25 results
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Hormones Acting ... Their Site of Action ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Nephron
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... with short bowel syndrome ... @jadav_md #Anion ... #Gap #Metabolic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
• Refeeding syndrome ... GI losses (NG suction ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap and Non-anion ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis