34 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
retraction (Collier's sign ... tumors - Multiple Sclerosis ... → "setting sun sign ... " - Vascular disease ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
retraction (Collier's sign ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... "setting sun" sign ... • Vascular disease ... Parinauds #syndrome #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
• Meniere's Disease ... symptoms/signs, ... • Multiple sclerosis ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... • Compensatory muscular ... causes #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Environmental triggers ... direct injury to vascular ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
tinnitus (Méniére's disease ... and multiple sclerosis ... or minutes with vascular ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology