32 results
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology ... #clinical #photo ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... heavy metals), Critical ... , Polymyositis/dermatomyositis ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... • Triggers: Diuretics ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... #TLS #diagnosis
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Trauma to the long bone or pelvis accounts for —9096 of cases. The diagnosis
Fat Embolism Syndrome ... accounts for —9096 of cases ... Pathophysiology ... FES is a clinical ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis Portal ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis and Management ... (polymyositis/Dermatomyositis ... ) AKI - Pathophysiology ... #Summary #causes
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #causes
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Environmental triggers ... Viral replication causes ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
carotid sinus syndrome ... syncope (ruling out differential ... diagnoses), ruling ... orthostatic vital sign ... should be guided by clinical