12 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Multiple infections are ... #differential #diagnosis ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... and with low CD4 ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... and meningismus are ... culture or by serology ... #neurology #meningitis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... bulbar muscles DIAGNOSIS ... the underlying pathophysiology ... Barre #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #management #neurology
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... adults (bilateral age ... include a: • Neurologic ... auditory nerve (CN ... zoster virus ○ HIV
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
peaks between the ages ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
• Hepatitis B serology ... Additional tests: HIV ... (to support a diagnosis ... Hepatitis B and C serology ... laboratory #workup #diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... Microglial cells are ... motor neurons - IV ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) Diagnostic Algorithm
STEP 1 Perform a comprehensive history and complete physical examination.
STEP
Unknown Origin (FUO) Diagnostic ... investigation STEP 3 Order CBC ... TSH, RF, ANA, HIV ... -1/2 serology, hepatitis ... STEP 7 If there are