12 results
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... and petechiae Causes ... - Antithyroid medications ... anemia Treatment
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... • Bone marrow
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... skin that are caused ... • AnemiaAplastic ... AnemiaBone ... Workup: • Complete
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... family history - Medications ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... changes), high MCV anemia ... candidate) - Bone
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... - HIV/HAART medications
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... evaluation should be done ... heart failure, neurologic ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Renal tubular acidosis ... megaloblastic anemia ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... Pure red cell aplasia ... microglobulin Treatment ... Warm AIHA • Bone ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... STOP offending medications ... #potassium #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Transplantation including bone ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of