33 results
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Liver Chemistries ... phos/ULN ALP) ... • Elevation of ALP ... : Bone, First trimester ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
) Elevation - Differential ... disturbance (obstructed liver ... • Liver (80%) ... Most common symptoms ... symptoms - Pain
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Acute Fatty Liver ... ) Pathophysiology ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... infiltration) Differential ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... - Differential ... • AST/ALT > ALP ... : Bone, first trimester ... injury #hepatitis #differential
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... , bone, placenta ... • softening of bones ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Boxes in yellow ... suspicious clinical symptoms ... box indicates all ... ALP, alkaline phosphatase ... #Enzymes #Differential
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... : • AST: liver ... In liver, 80% of ... Other locations: bone ... Bilirubin #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... IBD • Chronic liver ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... PBC Signs and Symptoms ... obstruction • ALP ... or higher • Liver ... bile ducts Differential
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Growth Hormone: • Liver ... Incr IGF1 • Bone ... lipolysis Signs/Symptoms ... endocrinology #pathophysiology