19 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs/symptoms ... of HHS/DKA: Both ... hypotension) DKA: Short
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
vast majority of cases ... unknown - Familial chondrocalcinosis ... in bones - Chondrocalcinosis ... Disease #Signs #Symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... hemorrhagic rash; symptoms ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... non-specific viral symptoms ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
flexion of the knees ... Passive neck flexion causes ... While the pathophysiology ... for the hip/knee ... meningitis, it has
Chondrocalcinosis: Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD) Deposition Disease

 - Acute CPPD precipitation into the joint space ->
Chondrocalcinosis ... (especially in knees ... e.g., wrist) #Chondrocalcinosis ... Disease #Signs #Symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Valgus position of knee ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... back pain - Symptoms ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... Residency @CMC_IM #Potts
Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare but potentially serious adverse reaction that has been
reaction that has ... Symptoms of VITT ... The exact cause ... antibodies which cause ... thrombocytopenia #COVID #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... ensure patient has ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology