89 results
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity ... ischemic changes CXR ... hemorrhage, seizure activity
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... terminal alveoli and are ... Langerhans giant cells are ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... terminal alveoli and are ... Langerhans giant cells are ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Nontuberculous mycobacteria, also known as atypical mycobacteria, are all the other mycobacteria which can cause
mycobacteria, are ... which can cause pulmonary ... a patient with active ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
Approach to the Hypercoagulable State
Arterial thromboembolism
→ Cardiac rhythm monitoring, Echocardiogram, Vascular imaging
→ Test for APS, particularly
surgery, trauma, active ... immobilization) - Age-appropriate ... - Everyone → Age-appropriate ... CBC, aPTT, +/- CXR ... and APS - Age
There are about a dozen x-ray findings, but two of them are especially important: Loss of
There are about ... but two of them are ... aortic knob/aortic-pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Radiology #CXR
Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Modifiable risk factors:
 - Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL, decreased HDL)
 - Tobacco smoking
 -
lack of physical activity ... factors: - Advanced age ... relatives at a young age ... for females) #Pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
factors • Age ... smoking, etoh, decr activity ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
signs/symptoms of active ... pulmonary TB PE ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... tissue damage - CXR ... for concomitant pulmonary
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
) are produced from ... helper T cells and activate ... neutralizing them - Activate ... Complement: Abs activate ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology