76 results
Ossification of Carpal Bones

It’s always tricky to remember the age of ossification of the carpal bones
of the carpal bones ... capitate is the first bone ... -6-7 years for Triquetral ... #Wrist #Diagnosis ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Migraine with Aura
Diagnostic Criteria (ICHD-3):
A) At least 2 attacks fulfilling criteria B and C:
B) One or
Migraine with Aura Diagnostic ... • At least one ... another ICHD-3 diagnosis ... Migraine #Aura #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
in subchondral bone ... contact between bony ... Osteoarthritis #OA #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Media • Temporal Bone ... symptoms/signs, ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Syndrome Signs/Symptoms ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Osteosarcoma 
Most common primary malignant bone tumor in children 
Most Common Sites of Involvement:
1. Distal femur
primary malignant bone ... injury • Systemic symptoms ... #Osteosarcoma #Diagnosis ... Features #Oncology #Peds
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... in macrophages Diagnosis ... Osteonecrosis, bone ... Gauchers #Disease #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Difficulty walking Diagnosis