105 results
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
rapid onset of symptoms ... ALL Symptoms: ... extramedullary disease ... ) CLL Symptoms: ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... cells can indicate disease ... Warm AIHA • Bone ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
ULN R - Renal disease ... g/dl LLN B - Bony ... more: • Clonal bone ... diseases, CML, ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
Pancytopenia - Workup ... Alcoholism Bone ... Metastatic Disease ... #Pancytopenia #Workup ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Increased red cell ... hyperplasia of bone ... Increased red cell ... Differential #Causes #Workup ... #Hematology #Diagnosis
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
chronic kidney disease ... deficiency - Probable bone ... Underproduction #Algorithm #hematology ... #differential #workup
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
and duration of symptoms ... resolve within one ... angioedema Other symptoms ... doi: 10.1111/all ... Urticaria #diagnosis #rheumatology
Hodgkin's Lymphoma vs Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Comparison

Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
 • Epidemiology: young adults 20-30, older 50-70
 •
infection, Autoimmune diseases ... - B symptoms ... : B symptoms, lymphadenopathy ... Diagnosis of B-Symptoms ... #differential #hematology
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Sporadic mutation -> One ... gene mutated in one ... Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms