36 results
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • softening of bones ... of feet, thigh bones ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
fractures in elderly Causes ... Bisphosphonate suppresses bone ... damage weakens the bone ... #differential #causes ... #pathophysiology
A toxidrome is a syndrome (set of symptoms) caused by specific medications or toxins.

There are 5
set of symptoms) caused ... There are 5 big ones ... Toxidromes #Comparison #Table
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Complications #pathophysiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Pancreatitis - Hungry bones ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Trauma to the long bone or pelvis accounts for —9096 of cases. The diagnosis
Trauma to the long bone ... accounts for —9096 of cases ... Pathophysiology
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... excessive bone ... Skull expansion causes ... causes middle ear ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... , Biological + Bone ... /ml, ↑ LDH • Bone ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... 100 mg/m2) : in case
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
cornea), poor bone ... • Vitamin D - Bone ... • Thiamine - Nausea ... : • Calcium - Bone ... vitamin #nutrition #table
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... of the temporal bone ... hearing loss, nausea ... inner cortical bone ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology