14 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
allele of RB1 tumor ... partial retinal red reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
consistent with a diagnosis ... lung (Pancoast tumors ... The video highlights ... #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Differential Diagnosis ... the following symptoms ... • Associated symptoms ... vision or black spots ... #differential #diagnosis
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
- Differential Diagnosis ... the vision • Spots ... Retinal Detachment: Symptoms ... tumors/Occipital ... #Ocular #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Neurologic ... symptoms suggest ... Inflammation • Orbital Tumor ... • Aneurysm • Tumor ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
herniation or tumour ... bladder and rectal reflex ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... in deep tendon reflexes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Forms of MS: • Tumor-like ... Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... objective evidence of neurologic ... taper 3-7 days - Short ... #management #neurology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
the follow up video ... causes of this are tumors ... the hospital, diagnosed ... #ophthalmology ... #neurology