22 results
Renal Tubular Disorders

 • Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type 1)
 • Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type
(Type 1) • Proximal ... (Type 2) • Hyperkalemic ... (Type 4) By ... #Types #pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Proximal RTA (type ... (classic) RTA (type ... nephron dysfunction (type ... Potassium-sparing ... #nephrology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
consult: No, if Type ... I; Yes, if Types ... • Disposition: Type ... within 1 week; Types ... #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
consult: No, if Type ... l; Yes, if Types ... • Disposition: Type ... within 1week; Types ... #MSK
Intercalated cells response to Metabolic Alkalosis and Metabolic Acidosis
 • Type B Intercalated Cell - "B"
Alkalosis and Metabolic ... AcidosisType ... Bicarbonate • Type ... Intercalated #cells #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... normal glucose, ask ... - Lactate • Type ... • Type B = lymphoma ... #Acidosis #diagnosis
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis - Differential ... FE-HCO3 • RTA Type ... Low TTKG • RTA Type ... High TTKG • RTA Type
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(RTA): Type ... low/normal Type ... low/normal Type ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... (type 1 of 2), ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #high #nephrology